AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Latent viruses have evolved to trick their host’s immune system from completely clearing away the virus, allowing it to reactivate periodically.

Detailed explanation-2: -Latent infection is characterized by the lack of demonstrable infectious virus between episodes of recurrent disease. Chronic infection is characterized by the continued presence of infectious virus following the primary infection and may include chronic or recurrent disease.

Detailed explanation-3: -Latent Viruses & Reactivation This can occur when there is a specific trigger such as a different infection that distracts the immune system, and or when an external stimulus reaches the latent reservoir cells, ‘awakening’ the viral genome to start producing active viral particles rather than staying quiet.

Detailed explanation-4: -Reactivation of latent virus infections, including herpes zoster, human cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein–Barr virus, is a well-known complication of severe immunosuppression in organ transplant and bone marrow stem cell recipients and in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients.