AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Some viruses, such as human herpesvirus 1, infect a cell without causing symptoms; these are called: A. Latent viruses.

Detailed explanation-2: -Understanding Latent Viruses Such viruses are called “latent, ” and include Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV), HIV, Herpesviruses, and Cytomegalovirus (CMV). When they come out of hiding, or “reactivate, ” latent viruses can cause transient (temporary) symptoms or persistent disease.

Detailed explanation-3: -Principles of herpesvirus latency Herpesvirus latency requires the virus to establish a persistent infection in cells without destruction by the immune system. Viral DNA is stably maintained in the nucleus of the cell as multiple copies of circular episomes (Figure 1A).

Detailed explanation-4: -Latent infection, generally speaking, means the residence in the body of a specific infectious agent without any manifest symptoms. The symptomless incubation period, which in certain diseases, notably measles and smallpox, is fairly definite in length, is a period of latency in infection.