AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The only life process a virus undergoes independently is reproduction to make copies of itself, which can only happen after they have invaded the cells of another organism.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are two processes used by viruses to replicate: the lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle. Some viruses reproduce using both methods, while others only use the lytic cycle. In the lytic cycle, the virus attaches to the host cell and injects its DNA.

Detailed explanation-3: -Viruses are not made out of cells, they can’t keep themselves in a stable state, they don’t grow, and they can’t make their own energy.

Detailed explanation-4: -A virus cannot replicate alone; instead, it must infect cells and use components of the host cell to make copies of itself. Often, a virus ends up killing the host cell in the process, causing damage to the host organism. Well-known examples of viruses causing human disease include AIDS, COVID-19, measles and smallpox.

Detailed explanation-5: -Viruses can’t move, grow, convert nutrients into energy or excrete waste products. But viruses certainly reproduce, infecting people and causing illnesses. It’s how they reproduce that’s unusual. Viruses lack essential machinery needed to reproduce by themselves.