AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Proximate causes include hereditary, developmental, structural, cognitive, psychological, and physiological aspects of behaviour. In other words, proximate causes are the mechanisms directly underlying the behaviour.

Detailed explanation-2: -Ultimate explanations are concerned with the fitness consequences of a trait or behavior and whether it is (or is not) selected. In contrast, proximate explanations are concerned with the mechanisms that underpin the trait or behavior-that is, how it works.

Detailed explanation-3: -the most direct or immediate cause of an event. In a causal chain, it is the one that directly produces the effect. For example, the proximate cause of Smith’s aggression may be an insult, but the remote cause may be Smith’s early childhood experiences.

Detailed explanation-4: -Proximate cause, or legal cause, is an underlying cause of an accident. For example, if a truck driver swerves and hits a car, the driver is the actual cause of the accident. But if they moved to avoid a bicyclist riding on the road, the bicyclist’s unsafe driving might be the proximate cause.