AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The toxic components of many of the more problematic poisonous plants are alkaloids. There are numerous classes of alkaloids, grouped by chemical structure, including pyrrolizidine, piperidine, pyridine, indole, quinolizidine, indolizidine, diterpenoid, tropane, and steroidal alkaloids.

Detailed explanation-2: -There are three central types of alkaloids: (1) true alkaloids, (2) protoalkaloids, and (3) pseudoalkaloids. True alkaloids and protoalkaloids are produced from amino acids, whereas pseudoalkaloids are not derived from these compounds.

Detailed explanation-3: -Well-known alkaloids used in clinical settings include morphine, strychnine, quinine, ephedrine, and nicotine [15].

Detailed explanation-4: -alkaloid, any of a class of naturally occurring organic nitrogen-containing bases.