AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A option is the answer that is dehydration reactions. This is the answer.

Detailed explanation-2: -Dehydration reactions combine multiple molecules into a single molecule, therefore decreasing the entropy of the system. In contrast, catabolic, depolymerization, and hydrolysis reactions break molecules down into smaller components, which increases entropy.

Detailed explanation-3: -An exothermic reaction involves a decrease in the entropy of the system.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hydrolysis increases entropy or “disorder” by breaking one molecule into two. Hydrolysis is also exergonic because it releases energy into the surroundings. These two factors combine to make Gibbs free energy, or G, negative for hydrolysis reactions.

Detailed explanation-5: -Dehydration synthesis involves the formation of new chemical bonds between two molecules which leads to the formation of new compounds. A reaction occurs with the loss of water molecules at each step. The loss of water molecules can occur due to reactions between two functional groups like –OH, -NH2 or –COOH.