AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Thus, small changes in pH represent large changes in the concentrations of hydrogen ions. Pure water is neutral. It is neither acidic nor basic, and has a pH of 7.0. Anything below 7.0 (ranging from 0.0 to 6.9) is acidic, and anything above 7.0 (from 7.1 to 14.0) is alkaline.

Detailed explanation-2: -The more H+ in a solution the more acidic and the lower is its pH (See Figure 2.4. 2 below). When H+ concentration is lower than OH-concentration, the solution is basic or alkaline, and the pH of the solution is indicated with a number above 7.

Detailed explanation-3: -Acidosis (i.e. pH <7.35) is a common feature of many acute/critical conditions that warrant admission to intensive care. pH <6.8 is commonly reported in medical texts as incompatible with life, but there are rare individual case reports of survival with no long-term ill effect, despite a blood pH below this level.

Detailed explanation-4: -This happens when an acid is introduced. As H+ ions dissociate from the acid and bond with water, they form hydronium ions, thus increasing the hydronium concentration of the solution.

Detailed explanation-5: -Figure 8.6. 1: The pH scale is a logarithmic scale based on the concentration of hydrogen ions. The higher the H+ ion concentration is, the lower the pH of the solution.