AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -To summarize, large bodies of water tend to moderate the temperature of nearby land due to the high heat capacity of water. This high heat capacity results from both the higher specific heat of water and the mixing of heat throughout a greater depth over oceans.

Detailed explanation-2: -Water is able to resist temperature changes due to hydrogen bonding. Specifically, in order for water to increase in temperature hydrogen bonds must break giving rise to the relatively high boiling point of water. Conversely, hydrogen bonds must form before the temperature of water may be lowered.

Detailed explanation-3: -The hydrogen bonds between water molecules give water the ability to hold heat better than many other substances. As the temperature rises, the hydrogen bonds between water continually break and reform, allowing for the overall temperature to remain stable, although increased energy is added to the system.

Detailed explanation-4: -The capability for a molecule to absorb heat energy is called heat capacity, which can be calculated by the equation shown in the figure. Water’s high heat capacity is a property caused by hydrogen bonding among water molecules. When heat is absorbed, hydrogen bonds are broken and water molecules can move freely.

Detailed explanation-5: -Water has a high specific heat, meaning it takes more energy to increase the temperature of water compared to other substances.