AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Metaphase is a stage during the process of cell division (mitosis or meiosis). Normally, individual chromosomes are spread out in the cell nucleus. During metaphase, the nucleus dissolves and the cell’s chromosomes condense and move together, aligning in the center of the dividing cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -During metaphase, the cell’s chromosomes align themselves in the middle of the cell through a type of cellular “tug of war.” The chromosomes, which have been replicated and remain joined at a central point called the centromere, are called sister chromatids.

Detailed explanation-3: -Metaphase: During metaphase, each of the 46 chromosomes line up along the center of the cell at the metaphase plate. Anaphase: During anaphase, the centromere splits, allowing the sister chromatids to separate.

Detailed explanation-4: -The duplicated chromosomes then attach to the spindle, align at the cell equator, and move apart as the spindle microtubules retreat toward opposite poles of the cell. Each set of chromosomes is then surrounded by a nuclear membrane, and the parent cell splits into two complete daughter cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Metaphase II: The paired chromosomes line up. Anaphase II: The chromatids split at the centromere and migrate along the spindle fibers to opposite poles.