CELL DIVISION
CELL DIVISION AND CANCEROUS CELLS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Through other caspases
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Through anti-apoptotic factors
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Through BCL-2
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Through CAD
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Detailed explanation-1: -CAD preferentially cleaves double-stranded DNA to generate blunt ends or ends with single-base overhangs. Apoptotic DNA fragmentation has been implicated in promoting therapy-related leukemias in contexts where sublethal apoptotic signaling activates CAD in cells that maintain viability.
Detailed explanation-2: -Apoptosis induced by many chemical genotoxins is the consequence of blockage of DNA replication, which leads to collapse of replication forks and DSB formation. These DSBs are thought to be crucial downstream apoptosis-triggering lesions.
Detailed explanation-3: -Activation of CAD can be initiated by multiple agents, including oxidative stress, which is well implicated in carcinogenesis. CAD is the main enzyme that causes DNA fragmentation during apoptosis, and CAD is also implicated in promoting cell differentiation.
Detailed explanation-4: -During apoptosis, the activated caspases cleave ICAD and release CAD, which forms homodimer and cleave linker DNA between necleosomes. The activation of caspases also triggers the release of Endo G from mitochondria into nucleus to cleave chromosomal DNA.
Detailed explanation-5: -Abstract. Apoptosis induced by DNA damage is an important mechanism of tumor suppression and it is significant also in cancer chemotherapy. Mammalian cells activate the pathways of p53 to induce apoptosis of cells harboring irreparable DNA damages.