AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In eukaryotes, however, genetic material is housed in the nucleus and tightly packaged into linear chromosomes. Chromosomes are made up of a DNA-protein complex called chromatin that is organized into subunits called nucleosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Eukaryotes, whose chromosomes each consist of a linear DNA molecule, employ a different type of packing strategy to fit their DNA inside the nucleus (Figure 2). At the most basic level, DNA is wrapped around proteins known as histones to form structures called nucleosomes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each chromosome consists of a single, enormously long linear DNA molecule associated with proteins that fold and pack the fine DNA thread into a more compact structure. The complex of DNA and protein is called chromatin (from the Greek chroma, “color, ” because of its staining properties).

Detailed explanation-4: -The process starts when DNA is wrapped around special protein molecules called histones. The combined loop of DNA and protein is called a nucleosome. Next the nucleosomes are packaged into a thread, which is sometimes described as “beads on a string". The end result is a fiber known as chromatin.

Detailed explanation-5: -Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Nuclear DNA does not appear in free linear strands; it is highly condensed and wrapped around nuclear proteins in order to fit inside the nucleus.