AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In contrast, the term “heterozygous” is used to describe the allelic pair, “Aa”. The dominant trait will be expressed in the phenotypes of individuals with genotypes AA or Aa, while the recessive phenotype will be expressed in individuals with genotype aa.

Detailed explanation-2: -Individuals with genotypes AA and aa are homozygotes (i.e., they have two copies of the same allele). Individuals with genotype Aa are heterozygotes (i.e., they have two different alleles at the A locus).

Detailed explanation-3: -Heterozygous refers to having different alleles for a particular trait. If the two versions are different, you have a heterozygous genotype for that gene.

Detailed explanation-4: -If an organism has two copies of the same allele, for example AA or aa, it is homozygous for that trait.

Detailed explanation-5: -To identify whether an organism exhibiting a dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous for a specific allele, a scientist can perform a test cross. The organism in question is crossed with an organism that is homozygous for the recessive trait, and the offspring of the test cross are examined.