AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Fru-2, 6-P2 strongly activates glucose breakdown in glycolysis through allosteric modulation (activation) of phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK-1).

Detailed explanation-2: -Glucose increases the concentration of fructose-2, 6-bisphosphate in vivo, probably by increasing the availability of fructose-6-phosphate, thereby stimulating PFK-2, the kinase for which this is a substrate and inhibiting the phosphatase, FBPase-2. The effect is to increase glycolysis and inhibit gluconeogenesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Fructose-2, 6-bisphosphate (F2, 6BP) is a shunt product of glycolysis that allosterically activates 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK-1) resulting in increased glucose uptake and glycolytic flux to lactate.

Detailed explanation-4: -Fructose-1, 6-Bisphosphatase (FBPase) The enzyme is regulated allosterically by a number of small molecules including AMP and fructose-2, 6-phosphate, which are negative regulators, and ATP that is a positive regulator.

Detailed explanation-5: -F26BP, which is produced in a glycolytic side reaction, is stimulated by several oncogenic alterations, most likely as a way to over-ride the ATP-mediated inhibition of phosphofructokinase.