AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When one glucose molecule is converted into two molecules of lactate or lactic acid, it is termed homolactic fermentation. Here, only lactic acid is the final byproduct.

Detailed explanation-2: -Lactic acid fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration (or fermentation) that breaks down sugars to produce energy in the form of ATP. It is called anaerobic because it occurs in the absence of oxygen.

Detailed explanation-3: -Kimchi, sauerkraut, pickles, sourdough bread and yogurt are all fermented foods created using the method called lactic acid fermentation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Lactic acid is an organic compound produced via fermentation by different microorganisms that are able to use different carbohydrate sources. Lactic acid bacteria are the main bacteria used to produce lactic acid and among these, Lactobacillus spp. have been showing interesting fermentation capacities.

Detailed explanation-5: -Lactic acid fermentation has two steps: glycolysis and NADH regeneration. During glycolysis, one glucose molecule is converted to two pyruvate molecules, producing two net ATP and two NADH.