AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Species that arrive first in the newly created environment are called pioneer species, and through their interactions they build a simple initial biological community. This community becomes more complex as new species arrive.

Detailed explanation-2: -The first organisms to appear in areas of primary succession are often mosses or lichens. These organisms are known as pioneer species because they are the first species present; pioneer species must be hardy and strong, just like human pioneers.

Detailed explanation-3: -The first organisms appearing in the regions of primary succession are pioneer species (usually lichens or mosses). They are the first species present. They must be strong and hardy. The development of a new community is succession.

Detailed explanation-4: -In secondary succession on land, such as after a fire or when trees topple in forests, tree species like alders, birches and chir pine and many grass species can begin the succession process. In aquatic environments, phytoplankton (microscopic organisms that photosynthesize) are the common pioneer species.

Detailed explanation-5: -Common examples of pioneer species include bacteria, lichen, mosses, and fungi.