AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Genetic equilibrium occurs when there is no evolution within the population. At genetic equilibrium, the gene or allele frequencies are stable-they do not change. As mutations and natural selection occur frequently in nature, it is difficult for a population to be at genetic equilibrium in nature.

Detailed explanation-2: -The conditions to maintain the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are: no mutation, no gene flow, large population size, random mating, and no natural selection.

Detailed explanation-3: -Similarly, natural selection and nonrandom mating disrupt the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium because they result in changes in gene frequencies. This occurs because certain alleles help or harm the reproductive success of the organisms that carry them.

Detailed explanation-4: -5) No natural selection, a change in allele frequency due to environment, may occur. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium never occurs in nature because there is always at least one rule being violated.