AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow are the mechanisms that cause changes in allele frequencies over time.

Detailed explanation-2: -These are the following: mutations, genetic recombination, gene flow or gene migration, genetic drift, natural selection.

Detailed explanation-3: -From the theorem, we can infer factors that cause allele frequencies to change. These factors are the “forces of evolution.” There are four such forces: mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection.

Detailed explanation-4: -In a population without migration, two processes that change allele frequencies are selection, which increases beneficial alleles and removes deleterious ones, and genetic drift, which randomly changes frequencies as some parents contribute more or fewer alleles to the next generation.