AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Recombination frequency is not a direct measure of how physically far apart genes are on chromosomes. However, it provides an estimate or approximation of physical distance.

Detailed explanation-2: -The closer two genes were to one another on a chromosome, the greater their chance of being inherited together. In contrast, genes located farther away from one another on the same chromosome were more likely to be separated during recombination.

Detailed explanation-3: -Recombination frequency is the percent of meioses in which homologous recombination exchanges two loci. In genetic mapping, this number expresses distance in map units (m.u.) or centiMorgans (cM) (named after geneticist Thomas Hunt Morgan).

Detailed explanation-4: -Recombination frequency is directly proportional to the distance between the genes, while linkage is inversely proportional to it.

Detailed explanation-5: -The linear function predicts recombination frequency equal to map distance, whereas the p0(k) gives the map distance per the total map length of the chromosome, which yields an underestimate in certain chromosomes.