AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A translocation occurs when a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. This type of rearrangement is described as balanced if no genetic material is gained or lost in the cell. If there is a gain or loss of genetic material, the translocation is described as unbalanced .

Detailed explanation-2: -1. simple translocations (one break involved) 2. reciprocal translocations (two breaks involved) 3. shift type translocations (three breaks involved) 4.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are two main types of translocations: reciprocal and Robertsonian. In a reciprocal translocation, two different chromosomes have exchanged segments with each other. In a Robertsonian translocation, an entire chromosome attaches to another at the centromere.

Detailed explanation-4: -The most common structural chromosome rearrangements are translocations and inversions. Translocations are structural chromosome abnormalities that occur after a double break in two different chromosomes and exchange of fragments between these chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Two important types of genetic exchange are recombination and translocation. Recombination occurs when genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes. When genetic material is exchanged between nonhomologous chromosomes it is called translocation.