AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Frameshift mutations are deletions or additions of 1, 2, or 4 nucleotides that change the ribosome reading frame and cause premature termination of translation at a new nonsense or chain termination codon (TAA, TAG, and TGA).

Detailed explanation-2: -A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by a deletion or insertion in a DNA sequence that shifts the way the sequence is read. A DNA sequence is a chain of many smaller molecules called nucleotides.

Detailed explanation-3: -Frameshift mutations occur when the coding region of a gene is altered by addition or deletion of a number of base pairs that is not a multiple of three. The occurrence of a deletion versus an insertion type of frameshift depends on the nature of the transient intermediate structure formed during DNA synthesis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Listen to pronunciation. (FRAYM-shift myoo-TAY-shun) An insertion or deletion involving a number of base pairs that is not a multiple of three, which consequently disrupts the triplet reading frame of a DNA sequence.

Detailed explanation-5: -Insertion mutations and deletion mutations are the two forms of frameshift mutations that might occur. Both have a similar overall impact, shifting the translational reading frame out of alignment and producing a random amino acid sequence.