AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Frameshift. Since protein-coding DNA is divided into codons three bases long, insertions and deletions can alter a gene so that its message is no longer correctly parsed. These changes are called frameshifts.

Detailed explanation-2: -Frameshift Mutation A frameshift mutation in a gene refers to the insertion or deletion of nucleotide bases in numbers that are not multiples of three. This is important because a cell reads a gene’s code in groups of three bases when making a protein.

Detailed explanation-3: -Insertion. Deletion. It is a type of mutation where a nucleobase is replaced by another one. It is a type of mutation where nucleotides are added/inserted into the DNA sequence. It is a type of mutation where the nucleotides are removed/deleted from the sequence.

Detailed explanation-4: -An insertion or deletion involving a number of base pairs that is not a multiple of three, which consequently disrupts the triplet reading frame of a DNA sequence.