AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sometimes, gene variants (also known as mutations) prevent one or more proteins from working properly. By changing a gene’s instructions for making a protein, a variant can cause a protein to malfunction or to not be produced at all.

Detailed explanation-2: -The specific shape and stability of a protein’s structure depend on networks of interactions between its amino acids. These networks can be altered by various mutations (amino acid changes), which can cause protein misfolding or destabilization. “In those cases, mutations can become a basis for disease, ” said Jeff W.

Detailed explanation-3: -Missense Mutation A missense mutation is a DNA change that results in different amino acids being encoded at a particular position in the resulting protein. Some missense mutations alter the function of the resulting protein.

Detailed explanation-4: -A mutation in the amino acid sequence may alter the structure of a protein but it does not necessarily alter its function, although, the mutation at specific sites such as conserved residues can bring about a change in the structure and function of the protein.

Detailed explanation-5: -A missense mutation is a point mutation that changes a codon to indicate a different amino acid. This usually changes the polypeptide and therefore can change the function of the overall protein.