AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A point mutation occurs in a genome when a single base pair is added, deleted or changed. While most point mutations are benign, they can also have various functional consequences, including changes in gene expression or alterations in encoded proteins.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mutations that involve changes in one or a few nucleotides are known as point mutations because they occur at a single point in the DNA sequence. They generally occur during replication. If a gene in one cell is altered, the alteration can be passed on to every cell that develops from the original one.

Detailed explanation-3: -A single point mutation occurs when a single base pair is substituted with another within the DNA, leading to numerous possibilities with regards to mutations at the protein level.

Detailed explanation-4: -A single point mutation can change the whole DNA sequence. Changing one purine or pyrimidine may change the amino acid that the nucleotides code for. Point mutations may arise from spontaneous mutations that occur during DNA replication. The rate of mutation may be increased by mutagens.

Detailed explanation-5: -A point mutation is a type of mutation in DNA or RNA, the cell’s genetic material, in which one single nucleotide base is added, deleted or changed. DNA and RNA are made up of many nucleotides.