AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -No; only a small percentage of variants cause genetic disorders-most have no impact on health or development. For example, some variants alter a gene’s DNA sequence but do not change the function of the protein made from the gene.

Detailed explanation-2: -The majority of mutations are neutral in their effects on the organisms in which they occur. Beneficial mutations may become more common through natural selection. Harmful mutations may cause genetic disorders or cancer.

Detailed explanation-3: -Detrimental effect For example, in humans, Marfan syndrome is caused by a mutation affecting a protein that forms part of connective tissue, leading to heart problems and other health challenges. Detrimental mutations known as lethals disrupt DNA critical to survival and cause the death of the organism.

Detailed explanation-4: -False, it should read “Some mutations may be harmful and increase the risk of diseases such as cancer, but many are beneficial."

Detailed explanation-5: -Some mutations-known as beneficial mutations-have a positive effect on the organism in which they occur. They generally code for new versions of proteins that help organisms adapt to their environment.