AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by a deletion or insertion in a DNA sequence that shifts the way the sequence is read. A DNA sequence is a chain of many smaller molecules called nucleotides.

Detailed explanation-2: -Frameshift Mutation A frameshift mutation in a gene refers to the insertion or deletion of nucleotide bases in numbers that are not multiples of three. This is important because a cell reads a gene’s code in groups of three bases when making a protein.

Detailed explanation-3: -Insertion An insertion, as related to genomics, is a type of mutation that involves the addition of one or more nucleotides into a segment of DNA. An insertion can involve the addition of any number of nucleotides, from a single nucleotide to an entire piece of a chromosome.

Detailed explanation-4: -Frameshift mutations are the result of insertions or deletions that alter the reading frame of the triplet codons, thereby altering translation and altering the structure and function of the protein product.

Detailed explanation-5: -Insertion mutations and deletion mutations are the two forms of frameshift mutations that might occur. Both have a similar overall impact, shifting the translational reading frame out of alignment and producing a random amino acid sequence.