AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An insertion mutation occurs when an extra nucleotide is added to the DNA strand during replication.

Detailed explanation-2: -Mutations can be of many types, such as substitution, deletion, insertion, and translocation.

Detailed explanation-3: -An insertion changes the DNA sequence by adding one or more nucleotides to the gene. As a result, the protein made from the gene may not function properly.

Detailed explanation-4: -Substitution mutations can be good, bad, or have no effect. They cause three specific types of point mutation: silent, missense, and nonsense mutations. A silent mutation is one where the function of the protein is not changed. A missense mutation codes for the wrong protein.