AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An insertion changes the DNA sequence by adding one or more nucleotides to the gene. As a result, the protein made from the gene may not function properly.

Detailed explanation-2: -Frameshift Mutation A frameshift mutation in a gene refers to the insertion or deletion of nucleotide bases in numbers that are not multiples of three. This is important because a cell reads a gene’s code in groups of three bases when making a protein.

Detailed explanation-3: -One type of frameshift mutation is called insertion. As the name implies, an insertion occurs when a single nitrogen base is accidentally added in the middle of a sequence. This throws off the reading frame of the DNA and the wrong amino acid is translated.

Detailed explanation-4: -Definition. A point mutation occurs in a genome when a single base pair is added, deleted or changed. While most point mutations are benign, they can also have various functional consequences, including changes in gene expression or alterations in encoded proteins.

Detailed explanation-5: -A point mutation is a type of mutation in DNA or RNA, the cell’s genetic material, in which one single nucleotide base is added, deleted or changed.