HEREDITY
MUTATIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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both organisms are classifies in the same kingdom
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the genome of both organisms is identical
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the genetic code is universal to all living things
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microorganisms are typically lower level prokaryotes while humans are higher level eukaryotes
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Detailed explanation-1: -It is considered universal because humans, animals, plants and bacteria all have the exact same genetic code. All known organisms have the same four nucleotide bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine) but are different due to different arrangements of these nucleotide bases.
Detailed explanation-2: -Because of the universality of the genetic code, the polymerases of one organism can accurately transcribe a gene from another organism. For example, different species of bacteria obtain antibiotic resistance genes by exchanging small chromosomes called plasmids.
Detailed explanation-3: -If a plasmid contains the right control sequences, bacteria can be induced to express the gene it contains when a chemical signal is added. Expression of the gene leads to production of mRNA, which is translated into protein.
Detailed explanation-4: -Conjugation is a process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another bacterium through direct contact. During conjugation, one of the bacterial cells serves as the donor of the genetic material, and the other serves as the recipient.