AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Epistasis can occur when a recessive genotype masks the actions of another gene, or when a dominant allele masks the effects of another gene. Epistasis can be reciprocal: either gene, when present in the dominant (or recessive) form, expresses the same phenotype.

Detailed explanation-2: -Some genes mask the expression of other genes just as a fully dominant allele masks the expression of its recessive counterpart. A gene that masks the phenotypic effect of another gene is called an epistatic gene; the gene it subordinates is the hypostatic gene.

Detailed explanation-3: -Epistasis is a circumstance where the expression of one gene is modified (e.g., masked, inhibited or suppressed) by the expression of one or more other genes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Epistasis is the non-allelic gene interaction where the presence of one gene masks the expression of another gene; dihybrid ratio for dominant epistasis becomes 12:3:1.

Detailed explanation-5: -The term epistasis describes a certain relationship between genes, where an allele of one gene (e.g., ‘spread’) hides or masks the visible output, or phenotype, of another gene (e.g., pattern).