AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Achondroplasia results from a point mutation in the gene coding for the transmembrane portion of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), which resides on the short arm of chromosome 4.

Detailed explanation-2: -What is achondroplasia? Achondroplasia is a genetic condition affecting a protein in the body called the fibroblast growth factor receptor. In achondroplasia, this protein begins to function abnormally, slowing down the growth of bone in the cartilage of the growth plate.

Detailed explanation-3: -The most common form of dwarfism is due to a DNA difference in the FGFR3 gene on chromosome 4.

Detailed explanation-4: -The following are the most common symptoms of achondroplasia, but each child may experience symptoms differently: shortened arms and legs, with the upper arms and thighs more shortened than the forearms and lower legs. large head size with prominent forehead and a flattened nasal bridge. crowded or misaligned teeth.

Detailed explanation-5: -Achondroplasia appears to affect males and females in equal numbers. This disorder begins in the developing fetus and is one of the most common forms of skeletal dysplasia that causes dwarfism. The estimated frequency of achondroplasia has ranged from about one in 15, 000 to one in 35, 000 births.