AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -There are two types of fermentation, alcoholic and lactic acid. Fermentation follows glycolysis in the absence of oxygen. Alcoholic fermentation produces ethanol, carbon dioxide, and NAD+. Lactic acid fermentation produces lactic acid (lactate) and NAD+.

Detailed explanation-2: -Lactic acid fermentation is a metabolic process by which some bacteria produces lactic acid from pyruvic acid. Alcoholic fermentation is a biochemical process by which sugar is converted into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide by some bacteria and yeast.

Detailed explanation-3: -Function of Fermentation During fermentation, an organic electron acceptor (such as pyruvate or acetaldehyde) reacts with NADH to form NAD+, generating products such as carbon dioxide and ethanol (ethanol fermentation) or lactate (lactic acid fermentation) in the process.

Detailed explanation-4: -Similarities Between Lactic Acid and Alcoholic Fermentation Both lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation do not require oxygen. Both lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation occur in the cytosol. Both lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation break down glucose molecules into two pyruvate molecules.

Detailed explanation-5: -Both processes produce energy, but a low amount of energy. However, the key difference between lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation is that the lactic acid fermentation results in lactate from glucose. Whereas, the alcoholic fermentation results in ethanol and carbon dioxide from glucose.