AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, a cell must use energy. Active transport mechanisms do just this, expending energy (often in the form of ATP) to maintain the right concentrations of ions and molecules in living cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Active transport is the energy-requiring process of pumping molecules and ions across membranes against a concentration gradient. Active transport processes help maintain homeostasis.

Detailed explanation-3: -During active transport, substances move against the concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process is “active” because it requires the use of energy (usually in the form of ATP). It is the opposite of passive transport.

Detailed explanation-4: -To move materials against the concentration gradient (from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration), cells need to use energy. This energy required to move molecules is obtained from ATP, which is generated through cellular metabolism.

Detailed explanation-5: -Moving substances up their electrochemical gradients requires energy from the cell. Active transport uses energy stored in ATP to fuel the transport. Active transport of small molecular-size material uses integral proteins in the cell membrane to move the material-these proteins are analogous to pumps.