AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -If a cell (with no dye in it) is in a solution of 10% dye molecules and the dye can cross the cell’s membrane, what do you predict will happen to the dye? Dye will move into the cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -A concentration gradient occurs when the concentration of particles is higher in one area than another. In passive transport, particles will diffuse down a concentration gradient, from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration, until they are evenly spaced.

Detailed explanation-3: -Several factors affect the rate of diffusion of a solute including the mass of the solute, the temperature of the environment, the solvent density, and the distance traveled.

Detailed explanation-4: -It is important to note that every molecule is different; the concentration, interactions, and hydrophobicity of molecules can influence their ability to diffuse through a dialysis membrane. The temperature, volume, agitation rate and frequency of exchange of the external buffer are also important factors.

Detailed explanation-5: -A cell placed into a hypotonic solution will swell and expand until it eventually burst through a process known as cytolysis. These three examples of different solute concentrations provide an illustration of the spectrum of water movement based on solute concentration through the process of osmosis.