AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells. This process is required to produce egg and sperm cells for sexual reproduction.

Detailed explanation-2: -Gametes contain half the chromosomes contained in normal diploid cells of the body, which are also known as somatic cells. Haploid gametes are produced during meiosis, which is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a parent diploid cell by half.

Detailed explanation-3: -Therefore, meiosis results in four haploid genetically unique daughter cells, each with half the DNA of the parent cell (Figure below). In human cells, the parent cell has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs), so the cells produced by meiosis have 23 chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mitosis creates two identical daughter cells that each contain the same number of chromosomes as their parent cell. In contrast, meiosis gives rise to four unique daughter cells, each of which has half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

Detailed explanation-5: -As a cell divides to form gametes: A copy of all of the genetic information is made. The cell divides twice to form four gametes, each with a single set of chromosomes (haploid ). This means the chromosome number has halved.