LABORATORY REVIEW
MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Increase the genetic variation
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Reduces the diploid number to the haploid number
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Increases the haploid number to the diploid number
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Reduces the probability of mutations
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Detailed explanation-1: -During meiosis, homologous chromosomes (1 from each parent) pair along their lengths. The chromosomes cross over at points called chiasma. At each chiasma, the chromosomes break and rejoin, trading some of their genes. This recombination results in genetic variation.
Detailed explanation-2: -Crossing over is a process that happens between homologous chromosomes in order to increase genetic diversity. During crossing over, part of one chromosome is exchanged with another. The result is a hybrid chromosome with a unique pattern of genetic material.
Detailed explanation-3: -Recombination in meiosis. Recombination occurs when two molecules of DNA exchange pieces of their genetic material with each other. One of the most notable examples of recombination takes place during meiosis (specifically, during prophase I), when homologous chromosomes line up in pairs and swap segments of DNA.
Detailed explanation-4: -Prophase I Figure 1: Recombination is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. During prophase I, the chromosomes condense and become visible inside the nucleus.
Detailed explanation-5: -Crossing-over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. It results in new combinations of genes on each chromosome. When cells divide during meiosis, homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed to daughter cells, and different chromosomes segregate independently of each other.