LABORATORY REVIEW
MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Fertilization would result in the formation of two identical cells
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The new individual would be identical to only one of the parents
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Fertilization would cause crossing over and recombination of genes
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Cells of the newindividual would have double the necessary number of chromosomes
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Detailed explanation-1: -Meiosis is not involved in the production of gametes in this case, as the organism that produces gametes is already haploid. Fertilization between the gametes forms a diploid zygote. The zygote will undergo many rounds of mitosis and give rise to a diploid multicellular plant called a sporophyte.
Detailed explanation-2: -If the gametes were produced by mitosis, they would be diploid. The resulting zygote would, therefore, have four sets of chromosomes instead of two. This increase in the number of chromosomes is a problem and would progressively get worse in the subsequent generations (the number of chromosomes would keep increasing).
Detailed explanation-3: -The daughter cells produced by mitosis are identical, whereas the daughter cells produced by meiosis are different because crossing over has occurred. The events that occur in meiosis but not mitosis include homologous chromosomes pairing up, crossing over, and lining up along the metaphase plate in tetrads.
Detailed explanation-4: -Explanation: If the meiosis does not occur during production of gametes (sperm cells and egg cells) then the number of chromosomes would increase for every person in every generation. Meiosis occurs for the reductional division and the chromosome number in the gamete becomes haploid.
Detailed explanation-5: -What would happen if human sperm and eggs were produced by mitosis? Explain why this would result in an embryo which had double the normal number of chromosomes in each cell. A human embryo with that many chromosomes in each cell would be abnormal and would die before it could develop into a baby.