AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In prophase II of meiosis II, homologous chromosomes do not form pairs in this way. In metaphase I of meiosis I, spindle fibers attach to the paired homologous chromosomes. The paired chromosomes line up along the equator (middle) of the cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -The absence of homologous pairs in haploid cells is the reason why no further crossing over occurs during prophase II. After crossing over, the tetrads (recombinant chromosome pairs) can be separated.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes, or homologues, in each cell. After replication there are a total of 92 sister chromatids in each cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -During prophase I, the pairs of homologous chromosomes come together to form a tetrad or bivalent, which contains four chromatids. Recombination can occur between any two chromatids within this tetrad structure.

Detailed explanation-5: -Homologous pairs of cells are present in meiosis I and separate into chromosomes before meiosis II. In meiosis II, these chromosomes are further separated into sister chromatids. Meiosis I includes crossing over or recombination of genetic material between chromosome pairs, while meiosis II does not.