AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -During anaphase each chromosome present in metaphase separates into two chromosomes, each with a single double-stranded DNA molecule. Therefore, during anaphase the chromosome number is temporarily doubled until the cells finish the process of cell division.

Detailed explanation-2: -During anaphase, each pair of chromosomes is separated into two identical, independent chromosomes. The chromosomes are separated by a structure called the mitotic spindle.

Detailed explanation-3: -What is ssDNA? The ssDNA definition is as follows: Single-stranded DNA is the single DNA strand that is created during the replication process of DNA. The replication of single-stranded DNA forms two separate single-stranded chromosomes that join together to form double-stranded DNA (dsDNA).

Detailed explanation-4: -We now know that most chromosomes contain a single molecule of double-stranded DNA that form a complex with proteins. This arrangement allows very long DNA molecules to be compacted into a small volume that can more easily be moved during mitosis and meiosis (Fig 2.1) and expressed during interphase.

Detailed explanation-5: -At the conclusion of anaphase, each end of the cell has an identical and complete set of 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes; they are still diploid.