AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -carboxyl group definition. A carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen and single-bonded to a hydroxyl group (OH).

Detailed explanation-2: -The carboxyl (COOH) group is so-named because of the carbonyl group (C=O) and hydroxyl group. The chief chemical characteristic of the carboxylic acids is their acidity.

Detailed explanation-3: -Some common examples of carboxylic acids include acetic acid (a component of vinegar) and Formic acid.

Detailed explanation-4: -Carboxyl groups are commonly found in amino acids, fatty acids, and other biomolecules. An example of a less hydrophilic group is the carbonyl group (C=O), an uncharged but polar (contains partial positive and partial negative charges) functional group.

Detailed explanation-5: -In general, carboxylic acids are named based on the number of carbons in the longest continuous chain, including the carboxyl group (-COOH). The suffix of this carbon chain is then replaced, as carboxylic acids always end in “-oic acid.” An example is CH2O2, in which the longest continuous carbon chain is a methane.