AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Active transport is the process of moving molecules and ions from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration. Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP.

Detailed explanation-2: -During active transport, substances move against the concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process is “active” because it requires the use of energy (usually in the form of ATP).

Detailed explanation-3: -The active transport of small molecules or ions across a cell membrane is generally carried out by transport proteins that are found in the membrane. Larger molecules such as starch can also be actively transported across the cell membrane by processes called endocytosis and exocytosis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Exocytosis. In contrast to these methods of moving material into a cell is the process of exocytosis. Exocytosis is the opposite of the processes discussed above in that its purpose is to expel material from the cell into the extracellular fluid.

Detailed explanation-5: -Diffusion is the movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration in a substance. This process is essential for life on Earth, allowing for the movement of molecular compounds into and out of the cell.