LABORATORY REVIEW
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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3’ to 5’, 3’ to 5’
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3’ to 5’, 5’ to 3’
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5’ to 3’, 5’ to 3’
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5’ to 3’ and 3’ to 5’
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Detailed explanation-1: -The main enzyme involved in transcription is RNA polymerase, which uses a single-stranded DNA template to synthesize a complementary strand of RNA. Specifically, RNA polymerase builds an RNA strand in the 5’ to 3’ direction, adding each new nucleotide to the 3’ end of the strand.
Detailed explanation-2: -All mRNAs are read in the 5´ to 3´ direction, and polypeptide chains are synthesized from the amino to the carboxy terminus. Each amino acid is specified by three bases (a codon) in the mRNA, according to a nearly universal genetic code.
Detailed explanation-3: -Strand elongation At this point, RNA polymerase begins moving down the DNA template strand in the 3’ to 5’ direction, and as it does so, it strings together complementary nucleotides. By virtue of complementary base-pairing, this action creates a new strand of mRNA that is organized in the 5’ to 3’ direction.
Detailed explanation-4: -The template DNA strand and RNA strand are antiparallel. RNA polymerase always builds a new RNA strand in the 5’ to 3’ direction. That is, it can only add RNA nucleotides (A, U, C, or G) to the 3’ end of the strand.
Detailed explanation-5: -DNA is always synthesized in the 5’-to-3’ direction, meaning that nucleotides are added only to the 3’ end of the growing strand.