AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Complete answer: A promoter is a region of DNA where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription. A terminator is a sequence of DNA that causes RNA polymerase to terminate transcription.

Detailed explanation-2: -Promoters and terminators are stretches of DNA upstream and downstream (respectively) of genes that control both the rate at which the gene is transcribed and the rate at which mRNA is degraded. As a result, both of these elements control net protein expression from a synthetic construct.

Detailed explanation-3: -A promoter, as related to genomics, is a region of DNA upstream of a gene where relevant proteins (such as RNA polymerase and transcription factors) bind to initiate transcription of that gene. The resulting transcription produces an RNA molecule (such as mRNA).

Detailed explanation-4: -A promoter is a short region of DNA (100–1, 000 bp) where transcription of a gene by RNA polymerase begins. It is typically located directly upstream or at the 5′ end of the transcription initiation site.

Detailed explanation-5: -Terminator sequences are found close to the ends of noncoding sequences (Figure 2c). Bacteria possess two types of these sequences.