LABORATORY REVIEW
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Extensive RNA processing is required before prokaryotic transcripts can be translated.
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Prokaryotic cells have complicated mechanisms for targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular organelles.
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Translation can begin while transcription is still in progress.
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Translation requires antibiotic activity.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Which of the following statements is true about protein synthesis in prokaryotes? Translation can begin while transcription is still in progress. The nucleotide sequence of the coding strand of a DNA molecule is shown below. What will be the nucleotide sequence of the RNA molecule made from this segment of DNA?
Detailed explanation-2: -Translation is a highly dynamic process that entails four major phases: initiation, elongation, termination, and ribosome recycling. During each phase, ribosomes form transient complexes with auxiliary translation factors that facilitate protein synthesis.
Detailed explanation-3: -In prokaryotic cells, transcription (DNA to mRNA) and translation (mRNA to protein) are so closely linked that translation usually begins before transcription is complete.
Detailed explanation-4: -Translation occurs at ribosomes in all cells. Since prokaryotic DNA is not bound by a nucleus, translation in prokaryotes occurs before transcription is complete.
Detailed explanation-5: -Translation in bacteria begins with the formation of the initiation complex, which includes the small ribosomal subunit, the mRNA, the initiator tRNA carrying N-formyl-methionine, and initiation factors. Then the 50S subunit binds, forming an intact ribosome.