AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Light causes glucose to be synthesized directly inside the chlorophyll molecules of the photosystems . Light causes the conversion of water into carbon dioxide, oxygen, and electrons. Light causes electrons to get excited (gain energy) and travel down the electron transport chain embedded in the thylakoid membrane.

Detailed explanation-2: -The energy culminates in a molecule of chlorophyll found in the reaction center. The energy “excites” one of its electrons enough to leave the molecule and be transferred to a nearby primary electron acceptor. A molecule of water splits to release an electron, which is needed to replace the one donated.

Detailed explanation-3: -Light that is harvested from PSII causes an excited electron of the chlorophyll a special pair to be passed down an electron transport chain (Pq, Cyt, and Pc) to PSI. The electron lost from the chlorophyll a special pair is replenished by splitting water.

Detailed explanation-4: -The light dependent process occurs in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast. The process, illustrated below, begins when light strikes a molecule of chlorophyll and excites electrons to a higher energy state. Water is split to replace the electrons, releasing oxygen as a by-product.

Detailed explanation-5: -Light first hits photosystem II, and its energy is absorbed by the pigments within this photosystem. This excites the electrons, and they move to a higher energy level. The electrons then exit the photosystem and move down the electron transport chain.