AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Light-independent reaction is a series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis not requiring light to proceed, and ultimately produce organic molecules from carbon dioxide. The energy released from ATP (produced during the light reactions) drives this metabolic pathway.

Detailed explanation-2: -The light-independent reactions are sometimes called the Calvin cycle because of the cyclical nature of the process. Although the light-independent reactions do not use light as a reactant (and as a result can take place at day or night), they require the products of the light-dependent reactions to function.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Calvin cycle, also called the light-independent reactions, takes place in the stroma and does not directly require light.

Detailed explanation-4: -The light-dependent reactions use light energy to make two molecules needed for the next stage of photosynthesis: the energy storage molecule ATP and the reduced electron carrier NADPH.

Detailed explanation-5: -The ultimate goal of the light-independent reactions (or Calvin cycle) is to assemble a molecule of glucose. This is the part of photosynthesis that requires the CO2 the plant gets from the air. Essentially, the plant needs the carbon from the CO2 to create the building blocks for glucose.