AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mitochondria and Plastids like Chloroplast have their own DNA and ribosomes because of which they are able to synthesize some of their own proteins and replicate independent of the nucleus.

Detailed explanation-2: -It is widely accepted that mitochondria and plastids evolved from bacteria that were engulfed by nucleated ancestral cells. As a relic of this evolutionary past, both types of organelles contain their own genomes, as well as their own biosynthetic machinery for making RNA and organelle proteins.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mitochondria are self-replicating organelles that occur in various numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria contain their own genome that is separate and distinct from the nuclear genome of a cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mitochondria and plastids are called as autonomous organelles of the cell due to the presence of DNA and ribosome.

Detailed explanation-5: -Plastids undergo a process of binary fission in order to replicate.