AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The dark reaction occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast, where they utilize the products of the light reaction. Plants capture the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through stomata and proceed to the Calvin cycle.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Calvin cycle is present in all photosynthetic eukaryotes and also many photosynthetic bacteria. In plants, these reactions occur in the stroma, the fluid-filled region of a chloroplast outside the thylakoid membranes.

Detailed explanation-3: -The dark reactions of photosynthesis occur in the stroma (aqueous fluid surrounding the stacks of thylakoids) of the chloroplast where they utilize the products of the light reaction. In the dark reaction, plants use carbon dioxide with ATP and NADPH from the light reactions to produce glucose.

Detailed explanation-4: -The light independent process (also called dark reactions or the Calvin-Benson cycle) takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast. Carbon dioxide is modified by series of chemical reactions to form carbohydrates.

Detailed explanation-5: -Unlike the light reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membrane, the reactions of the Calvin cycle take place in the stroma (the inner space of chloroplasts).