AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The sporophyte consists of three structures, a foot which anchors it to the gametophyte and helps to transfer water and nutrients from the gametophyte, a long erect stalk called a seta and a pod-like capsule at the end where spores are produced. So the correct option is “Moss".

Detailed explanation-2: -The gametophyte-derived stalk that raises the Sphagnum spore capsule is called a pseudopodium.

Detailed explanation-3: -The seta is a long erect supporting stalk. At the end of the sporophyte is a pod-like capsule where spores are produced. The seta only occurs in species where the mature capsule is stalked. Transfer cells develop at the sporophyte-gametophyte boundary in the majority of bryophytes, but not all.

Detailed explanation-4: -The sporophyte produces spores (hence the name) by meiosis, a process also known as “reduction division” that reduces the number of chromosomes in each spore mother cell by half. The resulting meiospores develop into a gametophyte.

Detailed explanation-5: -The spore capsule, often with a supporting stalk (called a seta), is the sporophyte and this grows from the gametophyte stage.