THE CELL
CELL COMMUNICATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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All ligands are proteins.
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Each ligand is only able to bind to one specific receptor
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Ligands can bind to cell-surface receptors, but they cannot enter the cell
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Ligands bond to receptor proteins and cause the protein to relay a message to intracellular proteins.
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Detailed explanation-1: -When a ligand binds an ion channel receptor, a channel through the plasma membrane opens that allows specific ions to pass through. This process requires a specialized membrane-spanning region of the receptor.
Detailed explanation-2: -When a ligand binds to a protein, it undergoes a conformational change which in turn leads to a physiological response. The time a ligand spends attached to a receptor or specific protein is a function of the affinity between the ligand and the protein.
Detailed explanation-3: -When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor’s intracellular domain (part inside the cell) changes in some way. Generally, it takes on a new shape, which may make it active as an enzyme or let it bind other molecules. The change in the receptor sets off a series of signaling events.
Detailed explanation-4: -The ligand crosses the plasma membrane and binds to the receptor in the cytoplasm. The receptor then moves to the nucleus, where it binds DNA to regulate transcription.