AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Plasmodesmata are gaps between plant cells, connecting the cytoplasms of plant cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Plasmodesmata (PD) are gated plant cell wall channels that allow the trafficking of molecules between cells and play important roles during plant development and in the orchestration of cellular and systemic signaling responses during interactions of plants with the biotic and abiotic environment.

Detailed explanation-3: -Gap junctions are common in the muscle tissue of animals’ hearts, for example, as they allow ions to pass rapidly from cell to cell to coordinate cardiac muscle contraction. Plasmodesmata connect plant cells to one another in the same way, and they enable rapid transport and communication between adjacent cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Plant cells communicate with each other via narrow channels embedded across adjacent cell walls. These channels, called plasmodesmata, allow molecules to pass between cells, thereby enabling plants to grow normally and develop tissues and organs.